Epicep 21H Technology Site

Posts Tagged ‘computer training’

Copyright 2006 Otis Cooper

The System Memory is more commonly called RAM or Random Access Memory. This is the memory used by the computer to hold programs and data.

This data is lost once the computer is turned off.Because demands by powerful software have skyrocketed, system memory requirements have been accelerating at an alarming pace.

Random Access Memory is mounted directly onto the motherboard and transfers data by use of address and data buses. Each data bus consist of a number of circuits.

In 1985, Intel had the 386 processor with its 32 bit bus and the Pentium processor came along in 1993 with a large 64 bit bus. RAM memory is made using DRAM Chips.

RAM chips are large rectangular shaped and made with memory cells with support logic that reads and writes data. These chips must be continously refreshed, that is, data is constantly sent to allow the cells to hold data.

Information being transferred between the CPU Chip and RAM memory is called a memory cycle. During the late 90s, the DIMM chip was the standard RAM Chip. So just what is this DIMM chip? Let’s talk about the different Ram memory chips used in the computer.

Static RAM is a type of RAM that holds its data without being refreshed, for as long as power is supplied to the circuit. This is contrasted to dynamic RAM (DRAM), which must be refreshed many times per second in order to hold its data contents.

TYPES OF RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY CHIPS

SIMM or Single Inline Memory Modules came on the scene in the early 90s. The SIMM chips first came with 30 pins. And then the 72 pin SIMM which had 32 bit data paths or buses.

DIMM or Dual Inline Memory Module replace the Simm chips. These chips had 168 pins as compared to the 72 pin Simm variety. The data bus of the 30 pin chip was 8 bits while the 72 data bus can send data on the 32 bit data bus. Read the rest of this entry »

Copyright 2006 Otis Cooper

The Motherboard is the largest component in your PC and the Central Processing Unit is its brain. But when your input devices go on the blink, you’re shut down for awhile. When Computer Mice problems come, we don’t panic as fast when we cannot access our hard drive.

When you grab your Mouse and either click or roll the buttons and nothing happens, your computing fun stops. Even though the mouse is a little input device, you will wish you understood its every aspect when it dies.

When input device failure occurs, the problem may lie with the computer’s hardware,the mouse, the OS or Operating System. Let’s take a look at what you should check when mouse failure occurs. If you need help with mouse components, http://www.ultimatepcrepair.com contains photos of every component in the computer.

When the mouse dies, you should be able to perform the same functions with the keyboard. It may be a little closer but you won’t be shut down completely.

NO MOUSE MOVEMENT

First…If the mouse has no movement, first look at the mouse connection at the rear of the computer.Be sure it is plugged in completely.

Second…remove the plug and inspect for connectors or pins that may be broken or bent. The connector is color coded with green being that of the mouse.

If your mouse uses the USB or Universal Serial Bus connector, check the connectors for any damage and be sure it is plugged in.

MOUSE STOPPED DURING OPERATION

Should your mouse quit in the middle of computing, save your work immediately. Press the ALT key to access your program and save your work.

Check the connection in the rear to be sure it has not worked itself loose.If the connection is tight, inspect the mouse components for birt.
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The motherboard is the most expensive computer component so be sure to treat and handle it with great care.There are a few things you should do to ensure no motherboard damage occur as you prepare for the installation.

Be sure you have a clean,well lit,and level work place.Relax your mind and make this task both fun and educational.You will need such tools as a phillips screwdriver,maybe some needle nose pliers and the manual that came with the board.

Most importantly you must remove any and all electrical static discharge from your body and clothes.Static electricity is a big problem and will quickly damage chips on your new board.

PREPARING FOR THE INSTALLATION

Preparing to work on your system envolves work area,lighting, and much more.One great danger is the chance of electrical static charge.But this will be no problem when this static buildup is properly removes.

Remove this danger by grounding yourself.Touch the metal case of the system unit or better yet,touch a door nobt in your work area to remove all electrical static charge.

Set down and carefully read your user’s manual and familiarize yourself with your new motherboard and its layout.Taking this time will boost your motherboard installation performance ike you never thought.

Study your new motherboard and keep the box it came in.Remove it from its protective wrap very carefully and without damaging the wrap.This is done just in case you need to return the motherboard.

You may need to return the motherboard if you made any mistakes in the purchase.Does the holes of your new motherboard line up with the holes in the case?If there are any reason to return the board,you can simply put it back in the box to return.
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Your computer use output devices such as your Monitor to send data to the computer user.This same user must also use input devices to send data to the computer.

Even though you won’t open your keyboard to make any repairs other than to unstuck a stuck key or replace a broken retainer,its a good idea to study every part of your keyboard. If you’re blessed enough to have an extra keyboard, take the time to open the case and study each component in great detail.

Some of the special features of newer keyboards are that they can be Cordless and is often used with such devices as the cordless Mouse.Special keyboards may be used when the user may want have the freedom of movement. The average user will have very little use for the cordless keyboard or mouse.

The keyboard come in layouts which refer to how to keys are arranged.The Alphanumeric Key layout are the letters, numbers,and symbols.This is the most commonly used type the keyboard layout. The QWERTY Layout is the most popular Alphanumeric layout

The keyboard must have power to operate and it get this power from the motherboard.The operation of led indicators let you know the keyboard is receiving power.

Use the right rool,usually a screwdriver to open the case and study the components inside.You will not replace these components but it will boost your understanding of computers when you know every part of every device in your computer.

THE KEYBOARD CASE

Yea,I know,this is going to be exciting to discuss. While there is nothing much to discuss about the case of the keyboard,we don’t want to cut corners.

You may have to help someone with their ailing keyboard so you want to be on your toes. With that in mind,let’s get hyped up as we begin our keyboard case discussion.

Ready,the keyboard case is almost always plastic. I told you this would be exciting.This case holds the keycaps,the internal controller and other chips.
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